B/mk Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications (Skiff, 2009-2016) ================================================================================ General Catalogue of Stellar Spectral Classifications Skiff B. A. =2014yCat....1.2023S ================================================================================ ADC_Keywords: Spectral types ; MK spectral classification Description: This file contains spectral classifications for stars collected from the literature, serving as a continuation of the compilations produced by the Jascheks, by Kennedy, and by Buscombe. The source of each spectral type is indicated by a standard 19-digit bibcode citation. The stars are identified either by the name used in each publication or by a valid SIMBAD identifier. Some effort has been made to determine accurate (~1" or better) coordinates for equinox J2000 (and epoch 2000 if possible), and these serve as a secondary identifier. To the extent possible with current astrometric sources, the components of double stars and stars with composite spectra are shown as separate entries. Magnitudes are provided as an indication of brightness with the passband specified, but these data are not necessarily accurate, as they often derive from photographic photometry or rough estimates. The file includes only spectral types determined from spectra (viz. line and band strengths or ratios), omitting those determined from photometry (e.g. DDO, Vilnius) or inferred from broadband colors or spectral energy distributions. The classifications include MK types as well as types not strictly on the MK system (white dwarfs, Wolf-Rayet, etc) in addition to simple HD-style temperature types. Luminosity classes in the early Mount Wilson style (e.g. 'd' for dwarf, 'g' for giant) and other similar schemes have been converted to modern notation. Since a citation is provided for each entry, the source paper should be consulted for details about classification schemes, notation, spectral dispersion, and the instrumentation used. System-defining primary MK standard stars are included from the last lists by Morgan and Keenan, and are flagged by a + sign in column 83. The early-type standards comprise the 1973 "dagger standards" (1973ARA&A..11...29M) and stars from the Morgan, Abt, and Tapscott atlas (1978rmsa.book.....M). Standards from Table I of the Morgan & Abt 'MKA' paper (1972AJ.....77...35M) not appearing in the two later lists are added. Keenan made continual adjustments to the standards lists up to the time of his death. Thus the late-type standards comprise those marked as high-weight standards in the 1989 Perkins catalogue (1989ApJS...71..245K = III/150); the revised S-type standards in collaboration with Boeshaar (1980ApJS...43..379K); plus the carbon standards and class IIIb 'clump giants' in collaboration with Barnbaum (1996ApJS..105..419B and 1999ApJ...518..859K). In addition, I have made use of the final types by Keenan up to January 2000 shown at the Ohio State Web site (http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/MKCool), accessed in autumn 2003. Though the present file contains all the stars in these lists, only those marked as standards are flagged as such. Garrison's list of MK 'anchor points' might also be consulted in this regard (1994mpyp.conf....3G, and http://www.astro.utoronto.ca/~garrison/mkstds.html). Primary standards for the M dwarfs are defined in the far-red region by Kirkpatrick et al (1991ApJS...77..417K). These are also flagged with a + sign in column 83. The catalogue includes for the first time results from many large-scale objective-prism spectral surveys done at Case, Stockholm, Crimea, Abastumani, and elsewhere. The stars in these surveys were usually identified only on charts or by other indirect means, and have been overlooked heretofore because of the difficulty in recovering the stars. More complete results from these separate publications, including notes and identifications, have been made available to the CDS, and are kept at the Lowell Observatory ftp area (ftp://ftp.lowell.edu/pub/bas/starcats). Not all of these stars are present in SIMBAD. As a 'living catalogue', an attempt will be made to keep up with current literature, and to extend the indexing of citations back in time. File Summary: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FileName Lrecl Records Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ReadMe 80 This file mktypes.dat 140 333000 Spectral classifications surveyed.txt 79 707 List of surveyed articles -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See also: III/18B : Stellar Spectra classified in the MK system (Jaschek+, 1963) III/42 : Selected MK Spectral Types (Jaschek, 1978) III/78 : MK Classification Catalogue Extension (Kennedy, 1983) Byte-by-byte Description of file: mktypes.dat -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bytes Format Units Label Explanations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1- 19 A19 --- Bibcode Publication Source 22- 48 A27 --- Name Star name as published or valid SIMBAD name (Lortet et al.) 50- 51 I2 h RAh Right Ascension (J2000) hour 53- 54 I2 min RAm Right Ascension (J2000) minute 56- 60 F5.2 s RAs Right Ascension (J2000) second 62 A1 --- DE- Declination sign 63- 64 I2 deg DEd Declination (J2000) degree 66- 67 I2 arcmin DEm Declination (J2000) minute 69- 72 F4.1 arcsec DEs Declination (J2000) second 74 A1 --- rc Source of coordinates (1) 76- 80 F5.2 mag Mag ? Magnitude, see passband in n_Mag 81 A1 --- n_Mag [BVRIJKg] Color passband of magnitude (2) 83 A1 --- Std_Flag [+] if spectral type is an MK standard 84-109 A26 --- SpType Spectral type (MK, HD, or other) 111-140 A30 --- Remarks Comments (3) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note (1): sources of astrometry: A = USNO-A2.0 (1998USNO2.C......0M, Cat. I/252) B = Bordeaux meridian circle (2001A&A...376..325R, Cat. I/272) + PM2000 (2006A&A...448.1235D, Cat. I/300) b = USNO-B1.0 (2003AJ....125..984M, Cat. I/284) c = AC2000 (1998AJ....115.1212U, Cat. I/275) C = Carlsberg CMC11 (1999yCat.1256.....C, Cat. I/256) + Carlsberg CMC12 (2002A&A...395..347E, Cat. I/282) + Carlsberg CMC14 (2005yCat.1304.....C, Cat. I/304) + Carlsberg CMC15 (2011yCat.1327.....C, Cat. I/327) D = DENIS (1999A&A...349..236E, Cat. b/denis) E = Edinburgh SuperCOSMOS (http://www-wfau.roe.ac.uk/sss/obj.html) F = USNO-Flagstaff transit circle (1999AJ....118.2488S, Cat. I/263) G = GSC-ACT (1999yCat.1255.....G, Cat. I/255) g = GSC-2.2 (2001yCat.1271.....S, Cat. I/271) + GSC-2.3 (2008AJ....136..735L, Cat. I/305) i = IRSF (2007PASJ...59..615K, Cat. II/288) I = IPHAS DR2 (2014yCat.2321....0B, Cat. II/321) L = LSPM (2005AJ....129.1483L, Cat. I/298) M = 2MASS second, all-sky, or 6x releases (2006AJ....131.1163S, Cat. II/241, II/246, II/281) s = SkyView estimate (+/-2") S = Sloan Digital Sky Survey DR6,7,8,9 (2008ApJS..175..297A, Cat. II/282) T = all Hipparcos/Tycho-related catalogues, including in approximate order of preference: + Tycho-2 (2000A&A...357..367H, Cat. I/259) + TDSC (2002A&A...384..180F, Cat. I/276) + TRC (1998A&A...335L..65H and 1999A&AS..136..491K, Cat. I/250) + ACT (1998AJ....115.2161U, Cat. I/246) + Hipparcos2 (2007A&A...474..653V, Cat. I/311) + Hipparcos (1997HIP...C......0E, Cat. I/239/hip_main) + Tycho-1 (1997HIP...C......0E, Cat. I/239/tyc_main) U = UCAC1, UCAC2, UCAC4, or URAT1 (2000AJ....120.2131Z, Cat. I/268, I/289, I/322, I/329) u = UKIDSS DR6 (2007MNRAS.379.1599L, Cat. II/316) + UKIDSS DR7 (Cat. II/310) + UKIDSS DR8 (Cat. II/314) + UKIDSS DR9 (Cat. II/319) W = WISE (Cutri et al 2011, Cat. II/311) z = MCPS catalogue (2002AJ....123..855Z, Cat. J/AJ/123/855) - = other (copied from source paper, derived from x,y coordinates, etc.) Note (2): passbands are usually standard Johnson-Cousins BVRI or their photographic equivalents, near-infrared J and K, also Sloan-Gunn g. Note (3): comments are often greatly compresssed; some common phrases are: brtr = brighter close pair = nearly-equal pairs usually < 0".5 separation observed together comp = companion or composite (clear from context) cpm pair = common proper motion double star DIB = diffuse interstellar band em = emission f = faint fntr = fainter grp = group gx = galaxy ID = identification interst = interstellar lg pm = large proper motion (usually > 0".15 per year) vlg pm = very large proper motion (> 2" per year) lum = luminosity (class) max = maximum (brightness) met, mets = metals, metallic lines min = minimum (brightness) nr = near opt pair = 'optical' double star, i.e. not common proper motion pec = peculiar prob = probably sl = slight, slightly spec var = spectrum variable str = strong uncer = uncertain var = variable wk = weak Nrn = northern Nmost = northernmost (and similar) Ern = eastern Srn = southern Wrn = western NErn = northeastern NWrn = northwestern SErn = southeastern SWrn = southwestern -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Acknowledgements: I have received much help on various aspects of preparing this catalogue from Larry Wasserman (Lowell Obs), Gerard Jasniewicz (CDS), Cecile Loup (CDS), Francois Ochsenbein (CDS), Fabienne Woelfel (CDS), Pascal Dubois (CDS), Jack MacConnell (STScI), Harold Corwin (IPAC), Cameron Reed (Alma College), Brian Mason (USNO), Ernst Paunzen (Univ Wien and Masaryk Univ), Thurburn Barker (PARI), Chris Corbally (Vatican Obs), Richard Gray (Appalachian State Univ), Ian Howarth (UCL), Mati Morel (RASNZ), Chris Watson (AAVSO), Sebastian Otero (AAVSO), John Greaves, Wayne Osborn, Erik Anderson, Bill Buscombe, Billy Bidelman, and Nancy Houk, as well as librarians Antoinette Beiser and Lauren Amundson (Lowell Obs), Brenda Corbin (USNO), and Suzanne Laloe (IAP-Paris), plus numerous authors whose work is compiled here. History: * 19-May-2003: Prepared by Brian Skiff (Lowell Observatory) (58783 records) * 18-Jul-2003: Several errors corrected by the author (63865 records) * 31-May-2004: Updated and completed version (III/233A) * 06-Jun-2005: Updated and completed version (III/233B) * 23-Oct-2007: Updated (B/mk), now 272640 records * 07-Jan-2008: Updated (B/mk), now 283486 records * 19-Feb-2009: Updated (B/mk), now 333826 records * 14-Jul-2009: Updated (B/mk), now 347592 records * 05-Oct-2009: Updated (B/mk), now 361152 records * 22-Mar-2010: Updated (B/mk), now 423055 records * 28-Dec-2010: Updated (B/mk), now 433169 records * 14-Sep-2011: Updated (B/mk), now 452890 records * 21-Feb-2012: Updated (B/mk), now 534091 records * 17-Jul-2012: Updated (B/mk), now 557746 records * 13-Jan-2013: Updated (B/mk), now 604090 records * 06-May-2013: Updated (B/mk), now 636441 records * 03-Feb-2014: Updated (B/mk), now 657452 records * 04-May-2014: Updated (B/mk), now 682075 records * 21-Oct-2014: Updated (B/mk), now 716029 records * 15-Dec-2014: Updated (B/mk), now 723066 records ================================================================================ (End) Brian Skiff [Lowell Obs.], Francois Ochsenbein [CDS] 21-Oct-2014