| N2 | Grundy, Schmitt, and Quirico 1993, Icarus 105, 254-258. |
| H2O | Grundy and Schmitt 1998, J. Geophys. Res. 103, 25,809-25,822. |
| CH4 | Grundy, Schmitt, and Quirico 2002, Icarus 155, 486-496. |
| CH3D | Grundy et al. 2011, Icarus 212, 941-949. |
| CH4+N2 | Protopapa et al. 2015, Icarus 253, 179-188 |
| CH3OH | Cook et al. 2019, Icarus 331, 148-169 |